With the aim of strengthening companies and their environment to do business and contribute to the competitiveness of Bogota-Region, 10 years ago the Bogota Chamber of Commerce launched the Cluster initiatives, as a tool that articulates the efforts of entrepreneurs, government and academia, in order to identify gaps that limit business capacity and growth opportunities to capitalize, and to develop actions and projects that leverage resources from the CCB and multiple allies, public and private, local and international.
The 16 cluster initiatives promoted from the CCB are framed within the Smart Specialization Strategy, a roadmap of the Regional Competitiveness Commission of Bogota-Cundinamarca since 2016 that prioritized five areas of specialization: Bogota-Creative Region; Business Services; Bio-Pole; Advanced Knowledge Hub and Sustainable City-Region. The CCB also serves as Technical Secretariat of the Regional Competitiveness Commission.
The 16 Cluster initiatives are: Food and Gastronomy;; Construction; Cosmetics and Wellness; Leather, Footwear and Leather Goods; Energy; Pharmaceuticals; Printing and Packaging; Creative and Content Industries; Jewelry and Costume Jewelry; Logistics and Transportation; Music; Apparel; Health; Financial Services; Software and IT; and Tourism. These are focused on working on four key axes for regional competitiveness: human talent and employability, internationalization, innovation and new businesses, and sustainability, in addition to other initiatives to support the strengthening of entrepreneurship and the business environment.
Between 2012 and 2022, more than 26,500 people and 12,300 companies have participated in the institutionalization of the initiatives (executive committees, working tables, extended councils). In the last two years, as a result of the challenges brought by the pandemic, , the cluster initiatives have led the Business Reactivation Flagship Programs for different sectors of the economy, 7 programs in 2021 that were expanded to 11 in 2022, , through which between January and May 2022 have benefited more than 6,600 companies with different training services, business spaces and accompaniment in the implementation of different tools, with emphasis on digital transformation, among others.
Nicolás Uribe Rueda, president of the Bogota Chamber of Commerce, highlighted that "this is a celebration to recognize the efforts and achievements of businessmen, businesswomen, universities, and public and private entities that have actively participated in the institutional framework and projects of each of the Cluster initiatives. The goal is that by 2022, more than 10,000 companies in Bogota-Cundinamarca will benefit from actions and activities promoted by these initiatives, which adds to the multiple services and actions developed by the CCB from its different areas to support our business network and its competitiveness".
Clusters as promoters of economic and social development
Cluster initiatives have been a fundamental part of the economic growth, employability and exports of the city and the region, as they bring together consolidated sectors in the regional productive structure, and emerging sectors with high potential for innovation and internationalization of the economy.
The sectors associated with the 16 clusters account for 55.3% of the companies in the business fabric of Bogota and Cundinamarca. The number of active companies in these sectors increased from 156,786 in 2012 to 260,060 in 2021, showing a growth of 103,274 companies in these ten years. In terms of employment, these sectors represented, approximately, 49.8% of the total number of people employed in the capital, by employing 1.91 million people out of the 3.83 million people employed in 2021. And in terms of exports, by 2021, these sectors represented a share of 53.9% of total exports from Bogota (a total of 1.8 billion dollars).
Of the total number of clusters in the city, the three with the highest share of employment in the capital are construction, which has 12.5% of the city's employees, a total of 478.1 thousand employees, followed by logistics and transportation, which has 7.3% of the city's employed, a total of 281.1 thousand employees, and business tourism and events, which has a total of 6.1% of the city's employment, a total of 233.4 thousand employees. These three clusters together contribute 25.9% of the city's total employment.
The four strategic axes
The projects carried out within the 4 strategic axes have been developed taking into account the specific needs of each cluster and business sector, as well as the objectives established for each axis.
Human talent and employability aims to close human talent gaps; generate capabilities in individuals, companies and educational institutions; and strengthen the labor market.
Internationalization and investment promotes the export of goods and services, attracts strategic investment to generate business opportunities and strategic alliances, and promotes the branding of each cluster for its positioning.
Innovation and new business develops new business models, processes, products and services; understands market needs and trends; generates innovation processes and technology adoption; transfers specific knowledge; and improves the efficiency of cluster value chains.
Sustainability: promotes the different areas of business sustainability, with emphasis on sustainable production and trade and the implementation of best practices and circular economy initiatives.